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With warm weather comes more opportunity for pool and beach time, and it’s important to refresh ourselves on water safety around our pediatric patients.
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), drowning is the leading cause of injury-related death in kids ages 1-4 years. Drowning is the second leading cause of death, second only to motor vehicle accidents. Males have about a two-fold risk over females and African American children are nearly 5.5 times more likely to die by drowning than their Caucasian peers. The good news: drowning is essentially preventable.
When you see the Pediatrician for routine child well checks, some of the topics discussed fall under the category of anticipatory guidance. Anticipatory guidance are things to expect as a child develops along their trajectory and how to manage it. Water safety is a topic often reviewed during in person or virtual doctor visits. Common questions that may come up during a water safety conversation are:
Important Tip: Remember that a young child can drown in as little as an inch or so of water. We can not emphasize enough the importance of direct and uninterrupted supervision, early and safe water exposure as well as prevention measures.
The American Academy of Pediatrics advises swim lessons begin as early a year old and many swim facilities offer swim readiness training to toddlers and their caretakers. As affordability may be a concern to utilize commercial schools, you can check your town’s park and recreational facility to discover potential options for discounted pricing for more local community programs. The decision to begin swim lessons may vary for some families depending on the child’s physical and emotional development, but swimming is a life skill and starting in toddlerhood has been shown to reduce the risk for drowning. Infant swim lessons are not recommended due to lack of evidence to support that swim lessons in this age group lower drowning risk.
Young children are naturally curious and move quickly. The majority of drownings occur in settings without appropriate supervision or safety in place. An in-ground, residential pool is required to have a barrier fence of at least four feet high and surrounding three sides of the pool with the house acting as the fourth side. If this is the sole barrier, door alarms should be placed on the doors that open to the pool. It is further protective to have an actual four-sided barrier fence surrounding the pool itself with an automatic locking gate. Additionally, another layer of protection is a pool cover, however these should never be used alone without barrier fencing.
Open bodies of water, such as lakes or oceans, present some of their own unique challenges, including poor visibility compared to a pool, and potentially strong currents. Using a life vest approved by the US Coast Guard is always recommended for children exposed to outdoor water.
Aside from physical barriers, supervision is imperative: direct and constant. Equipment malfunction, such as a broken gate latch or failure of proper life vest use, can lead to more risk, which is then mitigated by your constant presence with the child/children. Never take on water supervision with children while intoxicated and never leave older children to watch younger children. “Touch supervision”, or being at arm’s length of the child, is advised by the AAP. Ideally, getting into the water can be more helpful in acquainting children with safety while also promoting a fun experience.
With these ideas in mind, you can feel more secure about your young water-lovers taking on a healthy and splashingly good summer! For any additional questions or concerns you may have regarding swim safety, scheduling an online doctor visit with My Virtual Physician is a quick and convenient way to reach our Board Certified General Pediatricians, who are happy to help! My Virtual Physician provides parents with high quality medical care via video visit and are able to treat a variety of health conditions. Schedule a virtual visit today!
