The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) outlines 16 types of personalities. Each personality type has its own set of traits, preferences, and tendencies, which can significantly influence parenting styles. The personality types are based on 4 dichotomies:

• Extraversion (E) vs Introversion (I)
• Sensing (S) vs Intuition (N)
• Thinking (T) vs Feeling (F)
• Judging (J) vs Perceiving (P)

From the analytical and precise to the imaginative and holistic, each of the 16 personality types identified by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) brings its own set of strengths and challenges to the realm of mathematics in school. Let's explore how each personality type might tackle math challenges:

1. ISTJ:
   • ISTJs approach math challenges with a systematic mindset. They excel in following established procedures and formulas, making them proficient in solving problems step by step. They prefer structured learning environments and are diligent in practicing math concepts until mastery is achieved.
2. ISFJ:
   • ISFJs are detail-oriented individuals who excel in understanding and applying mathematical concepts through hands-on practice. They may prefer learning in a supportive and nurturing environment where they can receive guidance and feedback from teachers or peers. Their patience and persistence serve them well in mastering complex mathematical problems.
3. INFJ:
   • INFJs approach math challenges with their intuitive insight and independent logic. They often seek to understand the underlying principles behind mathematical concepts and enjoy exploring different approaches to problem-solving. INFJs may thrive in environments that encourage independent exploration and allow them to make connections between seemingly unrelated concepts.
4. INTJ:
   • INTJs possess a strong analytical mind and a knack for strategic thinking, which makes them adept at solving complex mathematical problems. They enjoy delving into abstract concepts and devising innovative solutions to mathematical challenges. INTJs may prefer self-directed learning and excel in environments that allow them to explore mathematical concepts at their own pace.
5. ISTP:
   • ISTPs are pragmatic problem-solvers who excel in applying mathematical concepts to real-world situations. They enjoy hands-on learning experiences and may prefer practical applications of math over abstract theory. ISTPs thrive in environments that allow them to experiment and tinker with mathematical concepts to understand how they work in practice.
6. ISFP:
   • ISFPs approach math challenges with a creative and imaginative flair. They may struggle with abstract concepts but excel in visualizing mathematical problems and finding intuitive solutions the more practice problems they are exposed to. ISFPs may benefit from hands-on activities and visual aids that help them grasp mathematical concepts in a concrete manner.
7. INFP:
   • INFPs approach math challenges with a focus on understanding the deeper meanings behind mathematical concepts. They may push themselves to memorize formulas even though they struggle with rote memorization. INFPs may thrive in environments that foster creativity and allow them to explore the artistic side of mathematics, such as geometry or fractal patterns.
8. INTP:
   • INTPs possess a natural aptitude for mathematics, due to their analytical and logical thinking skills. They enjoy exploring abstract mathematical concepts and are adept at finding elegant solutions to complex problems. INTPs may excel in environments that encourage independent exploration and provide opportunities for intellectual challenge and stimulation.
9. ESTP:
   • ESTPs approach math challenges with a hands-on and practical mindset. They excel in applying mathematical concepts to real-world scenarios and may prefer learning through experiential activities rather than traditional classroom instruction. ESTPs thrive in dynamic environments that allow them to engage with math in a tangible and interactive way.
10. ESFP:
    • ESFPs approach math challenges with enthusiasm and creativity. They may struggle with abstract concepts but excel in applying mathematical principles to real-life situations. ESFPs may benefit from interactive learning experiences and hands-on activities that allow them to see the practical applications of math in action.
11. ENFP:
    • ENFPs approach math challenges with curiosity and a desire to explore different perspectives. They may struggle with traditional teaching methods but excel in finding innovative ways to understand mathematical concepts. ENFPs thrive in environments that allow them to collaborate with others and engage in lively discussions about mathematical ideas.
12. ENTP:
    • ENTPs possess a natural curiosity and intellectual agility that make them well-suited for tackling math challenges. They enjoy exploring complex mathematical concepts and are adept at finding creative solutions to problems. ENTPs may thrive in environments that encourage debate and critical thinking, allowing them to challenge conventional wisdom, think outside the box, and explore new ideas.
13. ESTJ:
    • ESTJs approach math challenges with a practical and goal-oriented mindset. They excel in following established procedures and may prefer structured learning environments with clear expectations and guidelines. ESTJs are diligent in their approach to mastering mathematical concepts and thrive in environments that emphasize discipline and accountability.
14. ESFJ:
    • ESFJs are empathetic individuals who excel in learning through hands-on experiences and collaboration with others. They may struggle with abstract concepts but thrive in supportive learning environments where they can receive guidance and encouragement from teachers or peers. ESFJs excel in applying mathematical principles to real-life situations and may prefer learning through practical examples.
15. ENFJ:
    • ENFJs approach math challenges with a focus on understanding the deeper logical meaning behind mathematical concepts. While they excel at learning independently, they enjoy working in collaborative learning environments where they can engage with others and exchange ideas. ENFJs may apply abstract theories to math and often thrive in environments where they get to work with their peers and collaborate on complex problems together.
16. ENTJ:
    • ENTJs possess a strategic mindset and a natural aptitude for problem-solving, making them well-suited for tackling math challenges. They excel in understanding complex mathematical concepts and are adept at devising efficient solutions to problems. ENTJs may prefer structured learning environments that allow them to set and achieve ambitious goals, and they thrive in environments that reward initiative and innovation.

Each personality type brings its own unique strengths and approaches to tackling math challenges in school. By understanding and leveraging these individual strengths, educators can create learning environments that cater to the diverse needs and preferences of students, ultimately fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of mathematics for all.

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Introverted Intuition (Ni) is a cognitive function characterized by a focus on insight, foresight, and understanding underlying patterns and meanings. 

Personality types dominant in Ni include: INTJ, INFJ. However, it is important to note that cognition is fluid, so any personality type can develop strong Ni and excel at the careers and tasks that require Ni.

For teens seeking clarity in career choices, understanding how Ni influences their thinking can be pivotal in finding a path that resonates deeply with their inner vision. Here's how Introverted Intuition can guide teens towards careers that value strategic thinking, vision, and deep insight:

• Strategic Planning and Analysis: Careers in strategic planning, business analysis, or management consulting are natural fits for individuals with strong Ni. These roles require the ability to anticipate future trends, identify strategic opportunities, and develop long-term plans based on insightful analysis of complex data and market dynamics.
• Creative Direction and Design: Careers in creative direction, design, or architecture appeal to teens with Ni as they involve envisioning and conceptualizing projects with a focus on underlying themes and overarching visions. They excel in translating abstract concepts into tangible designs that reflect their deep insights and aesthetic sensibilities.
• Psychology and Counseling: Careers in psychology, counseling, or therapy are well-suited for teens with Ni as they involve delving into the depths of human consciousness, understanding underlying motivations, and helping individuals navigate complex emotional landscapes. They excel in providing deep insight and guiding others towards self-discovery and personal growth.
• Strategic Leadership and Management: Leadership roles in organizations, particularly those focused on strategic planning and vision-setting, are ideal for teens with Ni. They excel in providing clear direction, aligning organizational goals with long-term vision, and inspiring others to work towards a common purpose based on their deep insights and foresight.
• Research and Development: Working in research and development (R&D) fields allows teens with Ni to delve into deep exploration and innovation. Whether in scientific research, technological innovation, or product development, they excel in generating novel ideas, envisioning future possibilities, and driving forward-thinking initiatives.

Understanding the influence of Introverted Intuition can guide teens towards careers that value strategic thinking, vision, and deep insight. By recognizing their natural strengths in anticipating future trends, understanding underlying patterns, and envisioning long-term possibilities, teens can explore opportunities in strategic planning, research and development, creative direction, psychology, counseling, leadership, or other fields that align with their Ni preferences, leading to fulfilling and impactful careers.

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High school English courses offer students the opportunity to explore literature, develop critical thinking skills, and hone their writing abilities. Each Myers-Briggs personality type brings distinct strengths to the study of English, which can be instrumental in excelling in these classes.

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) outlines 16 types of personalities. Each personality type has its own set of traits, preferences, and tendencies, which can significantly influence parenting styles. The personality types are based on 4 dichotomies:

• Extraversion (E) vs Introversion (I)
• Sensing (S) vs Intuition (N)
• Thinking (T) vs Feeling (F)
• Judging (J) vs Perceiving (P)

Let’s explore how each of the 16 Myers-Briggs personality types can excel in high school English courses:

1. ISTJ: ISTJs may at first struggle to grasp with abstract concepts and thematic analysis taught in English courses. However, their attention to detail, memory, and structured approach can help them analyze literary texts systematically, which can help them improve their thematic analyses. ISTJs benefit from creating organized study guides and meticulously crafting essays with well-supported arguments.
2. ISFJ: Similar to ISTJs, ISFJs may struggle with abstract concepts and thematic analysis. However, they can excel in high school English by combining their empathy and appreciation for storytelling. They excel in understanding characters' emotions and motivations, making them adept at character analysis. ISFJs can benefit from engaging in group discussions to gain different perspectives and incorporating personal experiences into their interpretations of texts.
3. INFJ: INFJs have a strong intuitive awareness that helps them excel in high school English subjects. They possess a deep understanding of symbolism and enjoy exploring the underlying messages in literature. INFJs benefit from expressing their insights through creative writing and engaging in deep discussions about the social and moral implications of literary works. Their keenness to others' emotions also makes them adept at understanding characters' emotions and motivations.
4. INTJ: INTJs also have strong intuition that helps them excel in high school English. They thrive in dissecting literary theories and exploring the philosophical underpinnings of texts. INTJs benefit from pursuing independent research projects and crafting well-reasoned arguments in their essays. Their keenness to their own emotions and strategic planning for their goals also makes them excellent predictors, and they will often excel at predicting how plots may pan out and how character decisions may affect the trajectory of the story.
5. ISTP: ISTPs can excel in high school English subjects through their analytical skills and pragmatic approach. They enjoy deconstructing narratives and examining how authors craft their stories. ISTPs benefit from engaging in hands-on activities, such as creative writing exercises and multimedia presentations, to deepen their understanding of literary techniques.
6. ISFP: ISFPs can excel in high school English by bringing their artistic sensibilities to their studies. They enjoy exploring the imagery and symbolism in literature and expressing themselves through creative writing. ISFPs benefit from incorporating visual arts into their interpretations of texts and exploring how emotions influence storytelling.
7. INFP: INFPs can excel in high school English subjects by integrating their imagination and empathy. They have a keen appreciation for poetry and enjoy exploring the deeper meaning behind literary works. INFPs benefit from incorporating their personal values and experiences into their analyses and engaging in reflective writing exercises.
8. INTP: INTPs can excel in high school English due to their analytical thinking and love of abstract concepts. They enjoy dissecting complex literary theories and exploring alternative interpretations of texts. INTPs benefit from engaging in debates about literary themes and experimenting with different writing styles to express their ideas.
9. ESTP: ESTPs have an adaptable nature and enjoy experimenting with narrative techniques. ESTPs benefit from engaging in interactive discussions and incorporating multimedia elements into their presentations to enhance their understanding of literary works.
10. ESFP: ESFPs can excel in high school English by bringing energy and enthusiasm to their studies. They enjoy exploring the emotional depth of literary works and connecting with characters on a personal level. ESFPs benefit from incorporating creative projects, such as acting out scenes or creating multimedia presentations, to deepen their engagement with texts.
11. ENFP: ENFPs can excel in high school English subjects by integrating their creativity and curiosity. They enjoy exploring diverse literary genres and making connections between different works. ENFPs benefit from engaging in group discussions and collaborative writing projects to explore new ideas and perspectives.
12. ENTP: ENTPs can excel in high school English due to their innovative thinking and love of intellectual challenges. They enjoy analyzing texts from multiple angles and engaging in debates about literary interpretations. ENTPs benefit from pursuing independent research projects and exploring avant-garde literary movements to expand their horizons.
13. ESTJ: ESTJs have strong work ethic and organizational skills. They excel in analyzing classic literature and applying literary theories to textual analysis. ESTJs benefit from creating structured study plans and actively participating in class discussions to deepen their understanding of literary concepts.
14. ESFJ: ESFJs have great interpersonal skills and attention to detail. They excel in understanding the social dynamics of literary works and empathizing with characters' experiences. ESFJs benefit from collaborating with peers on group projects and incorporating real-life examples into their analyses of texts.
15. ENFJ: ENFJs excel in high school English subjects by combining their charisma and empathy. They have a deep appreciation for literature that explores human relationships and societal issues. ENFJs benefit from leading group discussions and organizing literary events to foster a sense of community and engagement among their peers.
16. ENTJ: ENTJs excel in high school English due to their leadership skills and strategic mindset. They enjoy analyzing literary works from a critical perspective and developing persuasive arguments in their essays. ENTJs benefit from taking on leadership roles in group projects and guiding their peers to achieve academic excellence.

Understanding your Myers-Briggs personality type can provide valuable insights into how you can excel in high school English courses. By leveraging your unique strengths and approaches to learning, you can deepen your appreciation for literature and develop essential skills for academic success.

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Extraverted Intuition (Ne) is a cognitive function characterized by a focus on possibilities, creativity, and exploring new ideas. 

Personality types dominant in Ne include: ENTP, ENFP. However, it is important to note that cognition is fluid, so any personality type can develop strong Ne and excel at the careers and tasks that require Ne.

For teens on the brink of choosing their career paths, understanding how Ne influences their thinking can open up a world of exciting opportunities. Here's how Extraverted Intuition can guide teens towards careers that value innovation, creativity, and adaptability:

• Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Teens with a strong Ne function often thrive in entrepreneurial ventures. They have a knack for generating innovative ideas, spotting emerging trends, and envisioning new possibilities. Careers in entrepreneurship allow them to turn their creative visions into reality, whether through starting their own businesses or launching innovative startups.
• Creative Industries: Fields such as graphic design, advertising, marketing, or content creation are natural fits for individuals with strong Ne. These careers provide outlets for their creativity, allowing them to generate fresh ideas, think outside the box, and create engaging content that resonates with audiences.
• Technology and Innovation: Careers in technology and innovation appeal to teens with Ne as they involve exploring new technologies, developing innovative solutions, and pushing the boundaries of what's possible. Roles in tech startups, research and development, or product management allow them to apply their creative thinking to solve complex problems and drive technological advancements.
• Consulting and Adaptive Strategy: Consulting roles, particularly those focused on innovation or adaptive strategizing, are well-suited for teens with Ne. These positions require individuals to analyze market trends, identify opportunities for growth, and develop creative strategies to help organizations adapt to changing environments and stay ahead of the competition.
• Media and Journalism: Careers in media, journalism, or broadcasting offer opportunities for teens with Ne to explore new ideas, uncover stories, and communicate information in creative ways. They thrive in environments where they can engage with diverse perspectives, brainstorm innovative story angles, and present information in compelling formats.

Understanding the influence of Extraverted Intuition can guide teens towards careers that value creativity, innovation, and adaptability. By recognizing their natural strengths in generating ideas, exploring possibilities, and thinking creatively, teens can explore opportunities in entrepreneurship, creative industries, technology, consulting, media, journalism, or other fields that align with their Ne preferences, leading to fulfilling and dynamic careers.

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Introverted Sensing (Si) is a cognitive function characterized by a focus on past experiences, traditions, and details.

Personality types dominant in Si include: ISTJ, ISFJ. However, it is important to note that cognition is fluid, so any personality type can develop strong Si and excel at the careers and tasks that require Si.

For teens embarking on the journey of career exploration, understanding how Si influences their perception and decision-making can provide valuable insights into finding a path that aligns with their strengths and preferences. Here's how Introverted Sensing can guide teens towards careers that value attention to detail, reliability, and a sense of tradition:

• Quality Assurance and Secretarial Work: Careers in quality assurance, secretarial work, or regulatory affairs are well-suited for teens with Si. These roles involve ensuring products and processes meet established standards, adhering to regulatory requirements, and maintaining meticulous records to track compliance.
• Library Sciences and Archiving: Working in library sciences, archives, or museum curation appeals to teens with Si as these roles involve organizing and preserving information, artifacts, and historical records. Attention to detail, accuracy, and a reverence for tradition are valued in these professions.
• Administrative and Office Support: Careers in administrative roles, such as executive assistants, administrative assistants, or office managers, require individuals with strong organizational skills, attention to detail, and a methodical approach to tasks. Teens with Si thrive in these roles as they excel in maintaining order and efficiency in the workplace.
• Healthcare and Medicine: Careers in healthcare, such as nursing, pharmacy, or medical assisting, appeal to teens with a strong Si function. These roles require a meticulous approach to patient care, attention to detail in following protocols, and a focus on maintaining accurate records and documentation.
• Accounting and Finance: The field of accounting and finance offers opportunities for teens with Si to excel. Careers as accountants, financial analysts, or auditors involve analyzing data, tracking financial transactions, and ensuring accuracy and compliance with regulations, which aligns well with the meticulous nature of Si.

Understanding the influence of Introverted Sensing can guide teens towards careers that value attention to detail, reliability, and a sense of tradition. By recognizing their natural strengths in organizing information, following established procedures, and maintaining accuracy, teens can explore opportunities in healthcare, accounting, library sciences, administrative support, quality assurance, or other fields that align with their Si preferences, leading to fulfilling and stable careers.

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My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE 

My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE 

---

 

According to evidence-based personality psychology, there are 8 major cognitive styles our brains can use: extravert sensing (Se), introvert sensing (Si), extravert intuition (Ne), introvert intuition (Ni), extravert thinking (Te), introvert thinking (Ti), extravert feeling (Fe), introvert feeling (Fi). Please refer to this article for detailed descriptions of these cognitive styles: Virtual Pediatrics: Behavioral Health for Children (myvirtualphysician.com)

These 8 cognitive styles develop in early childhood. After adolescence, the brain matures and "personality type" becomes more well-defined. 

Thus, after age 18, people can be understood based on 16 personality types, each of which have their own unique ways of using the above 8 cognitive styles.  The personality types are based on 4 dichotomies:

• Extraversion (E) vs Introversion (I)
• Sensing (S) vs Intuition (N)
• Thinking (T) vs Feeling (F)
• Judging (J) vs Perceiving (P)

Let’s explore the healthy and unhealthy versions of these personalities as they develop in both adults and children:

 

1. ESFP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses enthusiasm, energy, and sociability. Fosters liveliness and fun through playful interactions.  
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses impulsivity, superficiality, and obnoxious vanity. Recklessly self-indulges and seeks attention through dramatic behaviors.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Se 

• Loyally expresses: Fi

• Leisurely expresses: Te

• Aspirationally expresses: Ni

• Respectfully expresses: Si

• Sparingly expresses: Fe

• Reluctantly expresses: Ti

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ne

2. ESTP

• • Healthiest: Expresses confidence, boldness, and street-smartness. Inspires action and excitement in others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses crudeness, impulsivity, and scornfulness. Engages in scandalous behavior and can be manipulative or combative.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Se 

• Loyally expresses: Ti

• Leisurely expresses: Fe

• Aspirationally expresses: Ni

• Respectfully expresses: Si

• Sparingly expresses: Te

• Reluctantly expresses: Fi

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ne

3. ENFP

• • Healthiest: Expresses spontaneity, optimism, and open-mindedness. Inspires authenticity, openness, and growth in others. 
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses sloppiness, disorganized thinking, and delusional idealism. Scatterbrained, unreliable, and disrespectfully unconventional.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ne 

• Loyally expresses: Fi

• Leisurely expresses: Te

• Aspirationally expresses: Si

• Respectfully expresses: Ni

• Sparingly expresses: Fe

• Reluctantly expresses: Ti

• Nonchalantly expresses: Se

4. ENTP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses cleverness, playful mischief, and persuasion. Encourages intellectual challenge and debate.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses deceitful cunning, harmful mischief, and nihilism. Fills in personal voids by finding entertainment in stirring chaos among others.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ne 

• Loyally expresses: Fe

• Leisurely expresses: Ti

• Aspirationally expresses: Si

• Respectfully expresses: Ni

• Sparingly expresses: Fi

• Reluctantly expresses: Te

• Nonchalantly expresses: Se

5. ESTJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses assertiveness, attention to detail, and service-oriented authority. Fosters structure and responsibility in leadership.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses hardheartedness, inflexibility, and forceful authority. Stifles others’ input and imposes overcontrolling behavior with a victim mentality.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Te 

• Loyally expresses: Si

• Leisurely expresses: Ne

• Aspirationally expresses: Fi

• Respectfully expresses: Ti

• Sparingly expresses: Se

• Reluctantly expresses: Ni

• Nonchalantly expresses: Fe

6. ENTJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses confidence, service-oriented authority, and visionary agenda-setting. Develops healthy ambitions and leads others toward achievement.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses arrogance, ruthlessness, and forceful behavior. Dismisses others' input and uses manipulative business tactics to maintain control.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Te

• Loyally expresses: Ni

• Leisurely expresses: Se

• Aspirationally expresses: Fi

• Respectfully expresses: Ti

• Sparingly expresses: Ne

• Reluctantly expresses: Si

• Nonchalantly expresses: Fe

 

7. ESFJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses enthusiasm, devotion as a caretaker, and assertive emotional support. Uses positive emotional expression to encourage harmony and cooperation in others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses overbearing behavior, dishonest emotional expression, and desperation for approval. Becomes overly dependent on others for personal happiness and is extremely rigid in emotional expectations of others.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Fe 

• Loyally expresses: Si

• Leisurely expresses: Ne

• Aspirationally expresses: Ti

• Respectfully expresses: Fi

• Sparingly expresses: Se

• Reluctantly expresses: Ni

• Nonchalantly expresses: Te

8. ENFJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses charisma, nurturing behavior, and wisdom. Engages in positive emotional expression to inspire, encourage, and mentor others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses deceitful cunning, fake behavior, and desperation for validation. Uses emotional manipulation to get what they want from others, as well as to avoid shame from doing so.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Fe 

• Loyally expresses: Ni

• Leisurely expresses: Se

• Aspirationally expresses: Ti

• Respectfully expresses: Fi

• Sparingly expresses: Ne

• Reluctantly expresses: Si

• Nonchalantly expresses: Te

9. ISTJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses dependability, clear communication, and organization. Devoted to fulfilling responsibilities with diligence and thoroughness, for themselves and for others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses rigidity, narrow-mindedness, and obsession with personal rules. Very prideful about their extremely fixed ways, is resistant to change, and imposes strict standards on others.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Si

• Loyally expresses: Te

• Leisurely expresses: Fi

• Aspirationally expresses: Ne

• Respectfully expresses: Se

• Sparingly expresses: Ti

• Reluctantly expresses: Fe

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ni

 

10. ISFJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses warmth, compassion, and dependability. Upholds their responsibilities while especially being mindful of others’ emotional needs.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses passive-aggression, conflict-avoidant politeness, and obsession with precision and accuracy. Quietly overcontrolling, manipulates others into depending on them, and sacrifices personal needs while becoming resentful to those they are serving.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Si 

• Loyally expresses: Fe

• Leisurely expresses: Ti

• Aspirationally expresses: Ne

• Respectfully expresses: Se

• Sparingly expresses: Fi

• Reluctantly expresses: Te

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ni

11. INTJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses visionary imagination, wisdom, and commitment to meaningful goals. Develops ideas to look forward to while inspiring innovation and efficiency in themselves and others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses arrogance, inflexibility, and goal-oriented obsession. Becomes extremely dogmatic, selfishly fixated on personal goals, and haughtily dismissive of alternatives. 
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ni 

• Loyally expresses: Te

• Leisurely expresses: Fi

• Aspirationally expresses: Se

• Respectfully expresses: Ne

• Sparingly expresses: Ti

• Reluctantly expresses: Fe

• Nonchalantly expresses: Si

12. INFJ 

• • Healthiest: Expresses wisdom, compassion, and social perceptiveness. Uses gentle encouragement combined with logical principles to guide and inspire harmony among others. 
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses coldness, cunning, and delusional beliefs. Becomes extremely rigid and grandiose in their beliefs, withdrawing emotionally while subtly imposing misguided ideals on others.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ni 

• Loyally expresses: Fe

• Leisurely expresses: Ti

• Aspirationally expresses: Se

• Respectfully expresses: Ne

• Sparingly expresses: Fi

• Reluctantly expresses: Te

• Nonchalantly expresses: Si

13. ISTP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses adaptiveness, street-smartness, and independence. Demonstrates resourcefulness and hands-on skills to help others.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses coldness, dismissiveness of others’ emotions, and recklessness. Becomes isolated and detached from over-prioritizing their independence. 
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ti 

• Loyally expresses: Se

• Leisurely expresses: Ni

• Aspirationally expresses: Fe

• Respectfully expresses: Te

• Sparingly expresses: Si

• Reluctantly expresses: Ne

• Nonchalantly expresses: Fi

14. INTP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses analytical behavior, meticulousness, and curiosity. Driven to learn and explore new ideas that can help improve the world.
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses social bitterness, neglectfulness of others’ emotions, and delusional obsession with logical principles. Becomes isolated, disorganized, and socially inept, while using sneaky ways to bully or sabotage others.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Ti 

• Loyally expresses: Ne

• Leisurely expresses: Si

• Aspirationally expresses: Fe

• Respectfully expresses: Te

• Sparingly expresses: Se

• Reluctantly expresses: Ni

• Nonchalantly expresses: Fi

15. ISFP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses authenticity, adventurousness, and creativity. Unashamed to pursue what makes them happy, while also eager to help others with the activities they enjoy. 
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses emotional volatility, mood swings, and hotheadedness. Swings from extreme self-doubt to extreme grandiosity, while experiencing extremes in laziness, overproductivity, and anxious-avoidant tendencies.
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Fi 

• Loyally expresses: Se

• Leisurely expresses: Ni

• Aspirationally expresses: Te

• Respectfully expresses: Fe

• Sparingly expresses: Si

• Reluctantly expresses: Ne

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ti

 

16. INFP 

• • Healthiest: Expresses sincerity, reflectiveness, and open-mindedness. Adaptable while very devoted to their values and the people they care deeply about. 
  • Unhealthiest: Expresses pessimism, unrealistic idealism, and anxious obsession with personal identity. Becomes very passive about responding to the needs of others while stubborn about their unconventional desires, which often cause conflict with those around them. 
  • Cognition

• Passionately expresses: Fi 

• Loyally expresses: Ne

• Leisurely expresses: Si

• Aspirationally expresses: Te

• Respectfully expresses: Fe

• Sparingly expresses: Ni

• Reluctantly expresses: Se

• Nonchalantly expresses: Ti

 

To explore how these personality types relate to parenting styles, visit Online Pediatrician: Guide to Parenting Styles & Care (myvirtualphysician.com)

My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE 

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According to evidence-based personality psychology, there are 8 major cognitive styles our brains can use:

• Extraverted Sensing (Se) = Specific perception of external world
  • Healthy version: being present-focused, adventurous, and attuned to sensory experiences.
  • Unhealthy version: sensory indulgence, hyperactivity, impulsivity, reckless behavior.
• Introverted Sensing (Si) = Specific perception of internal world
  • Healthy version: having attention to detail, strong memory recall, and a sense of tradition and nostalgia.
  • Unhealthy version: becoming overly resistant to change or fixated on past experiences.
• Extraverted Intuition (Ne) = Broad perception of external world
  • Healthy version: spontaneity, diversity, innovation, and adaptability.
  • Unhealthy version: scattered thinking, indecisiveness, disrespect for tradition, inability to adhere to routines
• Introverted Intuition (Ni) = Broad perception of internal world
  • Healthy version: insight, foresight, philosophizing, visionary imagination for meaningful, innovative ideas.
  • Unhealthy version: detachment from reality, neglect of present responsibilities, extreme frustration with unexpected outcomes.
• Extraverted Thinking (Te) = external logical order
  • Healthy version: organization, efficiency, and effective decision-making.
  • Unhealthy version: bossy, gives unsolicited advice, overworks oneself
• Introverted Thinking (Ti) = internal logical order
  • Healthy version: logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and a penchant for critical analysis.
  • Unhealthy version: overthinking everything, becoming overly detached or dismissive of emotions, overestimating personal intelligence
• Extraverted Feeling (Fe) = external emotional order
  • Healthy version: harmonizing, charismatic, great at emotionally interacting with others
  • Unhealthy version: emotionally manipulative, desperate for social approval, overly dependent on relationships with others
• Introverted Feeling (Fi) = internal emotional order
  • Healthy version: authentic, self-expressive, passionate about their values
  • Unhealthy version: overly sensitive, emotionally volatile or rigidly pessimistic, unrealistically idealistic

These 8 cognitive styles develop in early childhood. After adolescence, the brain matures and "personality type" becomes more well-defined.

Thus, after age 18, people can be understood based on 16 personality types, each of which have their own unique ways of using the above 8 cognitive styles:

Do not worry if this looks complicated! This is just meant to outline how there are 16 different cognitive frameworks our brains can take on. The important thing to note is that there are different ways people can use the 8 cognitive styles.

And an even more important part to note: it is NOT recommended to speculate which of these 16 types your child may have. Given that children's brains are developing, it is unclear if a certain behavior pattern or cognitive preference is based on their personality preferences or if it's just a phase they are going through as their brain matures.

Therefore, it is recommended to focus on helping your child develop each of the 8 cognitive modes in healthy ways, rather than understanding which of the following 16 types your child has. Until the child reaches age 18, it is not recommended to decipher their personality type.

Instead, focus on your own cognitive preferences and understand which of the 16 cognitive frameworks fit you best. This is helpful for developing a healthy parenting style that suits your own personality.

For more information on how these personality types and cognitive frameworks can relate to parenting styles, check out

16 Types of Parenting Styles - My Virtual Physician

 

For more information on evidence-based research on these personality types, check out Cognitive Personality Theory: Murrell, Harry: 9798421238645: Amazon.com: Books

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My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE 

My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE 

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Parenting is a complex journey that requires understanding and adapting to the unique needs and characteristics of each child. And since each parent and each child has a unique personality, it is crucial to understand what your personality implies about the most suitable parenting style for both you and your child. 

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) outlines 16 types of personalities. Each personality type has its own set of traits, preferences, and tendencies, which can significantly influence parenting styles. The personality types are based on 4 dichotomies:

• Extraversion (E) vs Introversion (I)
• Sensing (S) vs Intuition (N)
• Thinking (T) vs Feeling (F)
• Judging (J) vs Perceiving (P)

Let's delve into how each of the 16 personalities might manifest in parenting:

• ISTJ: Structured and reliable. ISTJ parents emphasize discipline, responsibility, and tradition in their parenting approach. They provide clear rules and expectations for their children and prioritize stability and security.
  • Parenting Strengths: Provides structure and stability, sets clear expectations, and instills a sense of responsibility in their children.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May struggle with adapting to change, can be too rigid or controlling, and may have difficulty expressing emotions.

 

• ISFJ: Nurturing, organized, and compassionate. ISFJ parents create a warm and supportive environment for their children, focusing on their emotional well-being. They are attentive listeners and excel at providing practical support and guidance.
  • Parenting Strengths: Nurturing and supportive, creates a warm and loving environment, and is attentive to their children's needs.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May prioritize children’s happiness over discipline, may struggle with setting boundaries or saying no.

 

• INFJ: Wise, nurturing, and perceptive. INFJ parents deeply understand their children's needs and feelings, often anticipating them before they are expressed. They prioritize harmony and encourage their children to be caring and mindful about the emotions of others.
  • Parenting Strengths: Insightful and empathetic, fosters harmony and empathy
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May become overwhelmed by their children's emotions, struggle with enforcing boundaries, and have unrealistic expectations.

 

• INTJ: Visionary, imaginative, and strategic. INTJ parents prioritize authenticity and encourage their children to explore their passions and values. They also guide their children to develop meaningful goals from their passions while offering excellent insight on how to follow through with them. 
  • Parenting Strengths: Strategic and goal-oriented, encourages visionary imagination, and guides their children to be strategic with their passions and interests.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May lack patience with slow learners, may struggle with setting aside their own goals to attend to their children’s needs.

 

• ISTP: Street-smart, hands-on, and practical. ISTP parents enjoy teaching their children through experiential learning and problem-solving activities. They encourage their children to explore and experiment, allowing them to learn through trial and error.
  • Parenting Strengths: Hands-on and practical, teaches problem-solving skills, and encourages independence and self-reliance.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May struggle with expressing emotions, have difficulty with long-term planning, and be impatient with slower learners.

 

• ISFP: Sensitive and artistic. ISFP parents encourage creativity and self-expression in their children, fostering a love for art, music, and nature. They provide a nurturing and nonjudgmental environment where their children feel free to explore their passions.
  • Parenting Strengths: Sensitive and artistic, fosters creativity and self-expression, and creates a nonjudgmental environment.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May become too immersed in their own hobbies, may have trouble helping their children if they have different interests and passions

 

• INFP: Idealistic and empathetic. INFP parents prioritize authenticity and personal growth, encouraging their children to follow their hearts and pursue their dreams. They are supportive and nurturing, providing a safe space for their children to express themselves.
  • Parenting Strengths: Idealistic and empathetic, supports individuality and authenticity, and fosters deep emotional bonds.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May have difficulty with discipline, become overwhelmed by conflict, and struggle with indecisiveness for their children.

 

• INTP: Analytical and curious. INTP parents foster intellectual development in their children, encouraging them to explore a wide range of interests and ideas. They value independent thinking and encourage their children to question conventional wisdom.
  • Parenting Strengths: Analytical and curious, encourages intellectual exploration, and teaches problem-solving skills.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May be emotionally distant, struggle with routine tasks, and have difficulty with practical matters.

 

• ESTP: Bold, energetic, and street-smart. ESTP parents enjoy engaging in physical activities and adventures with their children, encouraging them to embrace new experiences and challenges. They instill confidence and resilience in their children through hands-on learning.
  • Parenting Strengths: Energetic and adventurous, provides excitement and fun, and teaches resilience and adaptability.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May struggle with consistency, have difficulty with long-term planning, and be insensitive to others' emotions.

 

• ESFP: Energetic, adventurous, and fun-loving. ESFP parents are good at creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere at home, filled with laughter and excitement. They encourage their children to be sociable and stylish, fostering strong interpersonal skills and aesthetic awareness.
  • Parenting Strengths: Spontaneous and sociable, creates a lively atmosphere
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May demand that their family caters to their own needs first, struggle with all-or-none discipline in their children, and become self-inflated and in denial about their Parenting Weaknesses as a parent

 

• ENFP: Spontaneous, enthusiastic, and imaginative. ENFP parents inspire creativity and curiosity in their children, encouraging them to explore their interests and pursue their passions. They value authenticity and encourage their children to express themselves freely.
  • Parenting Strengths: Enthusiastic and imaginative, inspires creativity and exploration, and supports personal growth.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May struggle with follow-through, become overwhelmed by routine tasks, and have difficulty with structure.

 

• ENTP: Witty, innovative, and resourceful. ENTP parents enjoy engaging their children in thought-provoking discussions and debates, stimulating their intellectual curiosity and problem-solving skills. They encourage their children to think outside the box and embrace new ideas.
  • Parenting Strengths: Innovative and resourceful, encourages critical thinking and debate, and fosters intellectual curiosity.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May be argumentative, struggle with authority, and become easily bored with routine childcare.

 

• ESTJ: Organized, leaderlike, and assertive. ESTJ parents establish clear rules and routines for their children, emphasizing discipline and responsibility. They value structure and order, instilling a strong work ethic and sense of duty in their children.
  • Parenting Strengths: Organized and assertive, establishes clear rules and expectations, and teaches discipline and responsibility.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May be too controlling, struggle with flexibility, and may subconsciously prioritize conformity over individuality in their children.

 

• ESFJ: Enthusiastic, caring, and sociable. ESFJ parents prioritize harmony and cooperation in their family life, nurturing strong bonds and relationships. They are attentive to their children's emotional needs and provide unwavering support and encouragement.
  • Parenting Strengths: Caring and sociable, fosters strong bonds and relationships, and provides emotional support and encouragement.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May be overly involved in their children's lives, struggle with fostering independence in their children, may struggle with saying no 

 

• ENFJ: Wise, compassionate, and influential. ENFJ parents are good at motivating their children to practice empathy, kindness, and integrity. They are motivational mentors, great at emotionally bonding with their children. 
  • Parenting Strengths: Compassionate and inspiring, leads through motivation and influence, and fosters personal growth and development.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: Over-committing to helping other people outside of family life, may become manipulative with their children, emotionally swaying them to do something that the child may not be in favor of doing

 

• ENTJ: Leaderlike, decisive, and visionary. ENTJ parents encourage their children to be ambitious and provide the support and resources necessary to achieve their goals. They emphasize leadership and strategic thinking, preparing their children for success in a competitive world.
  • Parenting Strengths: Decisive and visionary, sets ambitious goals and expectations, and teaches leadership and strategic thinking.
  • Parenting Weaknesses: May be overly demanding, struggle with empathy, and prioritize achievement over emotional connection.

 

Understanding the unique characteristics of each personality type can provide valuable insights into parenting styles. By recognizing and embracing these differences, parents can cultivate a supportive and nurturing environment that meets the diverse needs of their children.

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My Virtual Physician is now offering pediatric behavioral health services. If you are concerned about your child's mental health needs, please book appointment with our pediatric cognitive-behavioral coach, Dr. Dalson: BOOK HERE